Essential Oils

Introduction

Essential oils are highly concentrated, volatile plant extracts obtained through processes such as steam distillation, cold pressing, or solvent extraction. These extracts are derived from various plant parts, including leaves, roots, bark, flowers, and seeds, each contributing to distinct aromatic notes—top notes (light and fresh, like citrus), middle notes (balanced and floral, like lavender), and base notes (deep and earthy, like sandalwood). They capture the plant’s aromatic compounds, which are responsible for its scent, flavor, and therapeutic properties. Essential oils have been utilized for centuries across diverse cultures for medicinal, cosmetic, and spiritual purposes, owing to their potent chemical compositions. Each oil contains a unique blend of bioactive compounds, such as terpenes, phenols, and esters, which underpin their specific effects and applications. In modern contexts, the global essential oils market was valued at approximately USD 25.86 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 56.25 billion by 2033, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.0%, driven by increasing demand in health, wellness, and personal care sectors.

Grades

Essential oils are categorized based on their purity, quality, and intended use. While no universal standardization exists, common grades help distinguish suitability for various applications.

savi essential oil spray placed on a triangle wooden shelf.

Therapeutic Grade:

Representing the highest quality, these oils are pure, unadulterated, and minimally processed to preserve maximum therapeutic properties. They are ideal for aromatherapy, medicinal uses, and, if labelled food-grade and approved by bodies like the FDA, internal consumption.

two bottles of savi essential oil packaged in a box, placed on a rug.

Cosmetic Grade:

These exhibit lower purity, often diluted with carrier oils or blended with synthetics. They may include additives, resulting in reduced concentrations of active compounds. Primarily employed in skincare, haircare, and cosmetics for fragrance or mild benefits.

savi essential oils and sprays placed gently beside a basket on the floor.

Fragrance/Perfume Grade:

The lowest tier, these are frequently synthetic or heavily diluted with minimal natural content. They prioritize scent over therapeutic value and are used in candles, air fresheners, and budget personal care items.

savi essential oil bottles arranged on a wooden table with plants in background.

Food Grade:

Certified safe for ingestion under regulations like the FDA's Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) list, these high-purity oils meet stringent food safety standards. They are explicitly labelled for culinary uses, such as flavoring foods or beverages (e.g., peppermint or lemon oil).

Applications

Health and Wellness

Employed for stress/anxiety relief, pain/inflammation management, immune support, and sleep improvement. Popular oils like peppermint aid digestion and concentration.

Skincare and Beauty

Address acne/blemishes, anti-aging, and hair care. Tea tree oil's antibacterial qualities treat skin issues, while rose oil promotes hydration.

Household and Cleaning

Serve as natural disinfectants, with eucalyptus or citrus oils providing effective, eco-friendly alternatives.

Culinary Uses

Enhance flavors and support digestion in foods/beverages, using oils like basil or ginger sparingly.

Spiritual and Emotional Practices

Facilitate meditation, yoga, and mood enhancement through diffusion or rituals.

Industrial Applications

Integral to cosmetics, perfumery, and pharmaceuticals for flavoring, scenting, and therapeutic formulations.